Ed Schein, now retired from the MIT School of Management, taught that a group's culture can be studied in three ways: by looking at its "artifacts," such as physical space and behaviors; by surveying the beliefs and values espoused by group members; or by digging deeper into the underlying assumptions behind those values.
As Adam Grant of the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School and it's youngest-ever tenured professor told me: "People interpret strong cultures based on the artifacts because they're the most visible, but the values and assumptions underneath matter much more.""
"Work Rules! Insights From Inside Google That Will Transform How You Live and Lead", 2015, Hatchette Book Group, pages 29-30.
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